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Implementing support for 429 (rate limit)
This commit is contained in:
Miroslav Štampar
parent
075d009bb7
commit
2d9e9ed959
6 changed files with 94 additions and 4 deletions
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@ -407,6 +407,10 @@ _lock = None
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_server = None
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_alive = False
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_csrf_token = None
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_ratelimit_hits = 0
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# number of initial hits to '/ratelimit' answered with 429 before it behaves normally
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RATELIMIT_INITIAL_429 = 1
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def init(quiet=False):
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global _conn
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@ -963,6 +967,22 @@ class ReqHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
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self.wfile.write(b"<html><body>Request blocked: security policy violation (WAF)</body></html>")
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return
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# rate-limit emulator ('/ratelimit'): the first hit(s) answer 429 with a 'Retry-After', then
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# it behaves like the default SQLi endpoint - so a client that honors the backoff and retries
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# eventually gets through (drives the adaptive rate-limit handling)
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if self.url == "/ratelimit":
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global _ratelimit_hits
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_ratelimit_hits += 1
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if _ratelimit_hits <= RATELIMIT_INITIAL_429:
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self.send_response(429)
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self.send_header("Retry-After", "0")
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self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html; charset=%s" % UNICODE_ENCODING)
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self.send_header("Connection", "close")
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self.end_headers()
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self.wfile.write(b"<html><body>Too Many Requests</body></html>")
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return
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self.url = "/"
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if self.url == "/xxe":
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self.send_response(OK)
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self.send_header("Content-type", "application/xml; charset=%s" % UNICODE_ENCODING)
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@ -282,6 +282,7 @@ class HTTP_HEADER(object):
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RANGE = "Range"
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REFERER = "Referer"
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REFRESH = "Refresh" # Reference: http://stackoverflow.com/a/283794
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RETRY_AFTER = "Retry-After"
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SERVER = "Server"
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SET_COOKIE = "Set-Cookie"
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TRANSFER_ENCODING = "Transfer-Encoding"
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@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ from lib.core.enums import OS
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from thirdparty import six
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# sqlmap version (<major>.<minor>.<month>.<monthly commit>)
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VERSION = "1.10.7.181"
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VERSION = "1.10.7.182"
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TYPE = "dev" if VERSION.count('.') > 2 and VERSION.split('.')[-1] != '0' else "stable"
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TYPE_COLORS = {"dev": 33, "stable": 90, "pip": 34}
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VERSION_STRING = "sqlmap/%s#%s" % ('.'.join(VERSION.split('.')[:-1]) if VERSION.count('.') > 2 and VERSION.split('.')[-1] == '0' else VERSION, TYPE)
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@ -58,6 +58,17 @@ IPS_WAF_CHECK_TIMEOUT = 10
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# false positive) rather than the back-end actually answering.
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WAF_BLOCK_HTTP_CODES = (403, 406, 429, 451, 501, 503)
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# HTTP status signalling that the client is being rate-limited (kept as a literal because Python 2's
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# httplib has no such constant)
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TOO_MANY_REQUESTS_HTTP_CODE = 429
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# Adaptive rate-limit handling: one-time backoff used when a rate-limited response carries no usable
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# 'Retry-After', the additive step by which the inter-request delay is raised on each hit, and the
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# ceiling for both the honored backoff and the auto-throttle (seconds)
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RATE_LIMIT_DEFAULT_DELAY = 1.0
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RATE_LIMIT_DELAY_STEP = 0.5
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RATE_LIMIT_MAX_DELAY = 60.0
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# Candidate tamper scripts for automatic WAF-bypass, ordered by empirical WAF-bypass value
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# (structural token-substitution first, camouflage last; per identYwaf data). The back-end DBMS
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# is not pre-filtered here: semantics-preservation is verified at runtime by re-running detection
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@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ def vulnTest(tests=None, label="vuln"):
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("-u <url> --data=\"security_level=5\" -p id --flush-session --technique=B", ("unable to automatically bypass the WAF/IPS", "does not seem to be injectable")), # automatic WAF-bypass honest bail: a libinjection-class WAF that no User-Agent or tamper can defeat
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("-u <url> -p id --flush-session --technique=B --proof", ("sqlmap proved exploitation of the following injection point", "Parameter: id (GET)", "Technique: boolean-based blind", "TRUE (5/5)", "repeatably", "Retrieved: back-end DBMS banner '3.")), # --proof: report-grade proof in the injection-point style - forces the boolean technique (so a multi-technique point still proves), and actively reads a value out as the strongest proof
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("-u <base> --mine-params --flush-session --technique=B", ("mining for hidden GET parameters", "found hidden parameter 'id'", "held back parameter(s) that break the base request", "Parameter: id (GET)", "Type: boolean-based blind")), # --mine-params: discover an injectable parameter absent from a bare URL, hold back the raw-SQL sink that would shadow it, then confirm the injection on the mined 'id'
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("-u \"<base>ratelimit?id=1\" --flush-session --technique=B", ("target appears to be rate-limiting", "Parameter: id (GET)", "Type: boolean-based blind")), # adaptive rate-limit handling: the endpoint answers 429 with 'Retry-After' first, so detection only succeeds if sqlmap honors the backoff, throttles, and retries rather than treating 429 as a hard block
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("-r <request> --flush-session -v 5 --test-skip=\"heavy\" --save=<config>", ("CloudFlare", "web application technology: Express", "possible DBMS: 'SQLite'", "User-Agent: foobar", "~Type: time-based blind", "saved command line options to the configuration file")),
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("-c <config>", ("CloudFlare", "possible DBMS: 'SQLite'", "User-Agent: foobar", "~Type: time-based blind")),
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("-l <log> --flush-session --skip-waf -vvvvv --technique=U --union-from=users --banner --parse-errors", ("banner: '3.", "ORDER BY term out of range", "~xp_cmdshell", "Connection: keep-alive")),
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@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ See the file 'LICENSE' for copying permission
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"""
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import binascii
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import calendar
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import email.utils
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import inspect
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import io
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import logging
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@ -119,9 +121,13 @@ from lib.core.settings import PERMISSION_DENIED_REGEX
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from lib.core.settings import PLAIN_TEXT_CONTENT_TYPE
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from lib.core.settings import RANDOM_INTEGER_MARKER
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from lib.core.settings import RANDOM_STRING_MARKER
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from lib.core.settings import RATE_LIMIT_DEFAULT_DELAY
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from lib.core.settings import RATE_LIMIT_DELAY_STEP
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from lib.core.settings import RATE_LIMIT_MAX_DELAY
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from lib.core.settings import REPLACEMENT_MARKER
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from lib.core.settings import SAFE_HEX_MARKER
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from lib.core.settings import TEXT_CONTENT_TYPE_REGEX
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from lib.core.settings import TOO_MANY_REQUESTS_HTTP_CODE
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from lib.core.settings import UNENCODED_ORIGINAL_VALUE
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from lib.core.settings import UNICODE_ENCODING
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from lib.core.settings import URI_HTTP_HEADER
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@ -223,6 +229,49 @@ class Connect(object):
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kwargs['retrying'] = True
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return Connect._getPageProxy(**kwargs)
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@staticmethod
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def _parseRetryAfter(responseHeaders):
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"""
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Parses a 'Retry-After' response header (RFC 7231 delta-seconds or an HTTP-date) into a number
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of seconds to wait, or None when it is absent or unparseable.
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"""
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value = (responseHeaders.get(HTTP_HEADER.RETRY_AFTER) if responseHeaders else None) or ""
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value = value.strip()
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if value.isdigit():
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return float(value)
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parsed = email.utils.parsedate(value)
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return max(0.0, calendar.timegm(parsed) - time.time()) if parsed else None
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@staticmethod
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def _rateLimitRetry(responseHeaders, code, **kwargs):
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"""
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Handles a rate-limited response by honoring its 'Retry-After' (capped), adaptively raising the
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inter-request delay so subsequent requests self-throttle under the limit, then re-issuing the
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request. Returns the retried (page, headers, code) or None when the retry budget is exhausted,
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so the caller can surface the rate-limited response as-is.
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"""
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threadData = getCurrentThreadData()
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if threadData.retriesCount >= conf.retries or kb.threadException:
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return None
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retryAfter = Connect._parseRetryAfter(responseHeaders)
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backoff = min(retryAfter if retryAfter is not None else RATE_LIMIT_DEFAULT_DELAY, RATE_LIMIT_MAX_DELAY)
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# additive-increase throttle: nudge the inter-request delay up toward a sustainable pace. The
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# auto-throttle is capped, but a larger user-set '--delay' is never lowered. It is monotonic,
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# so a lost concurrent update across threads self-heals on the next hit.
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conf.delay = max(conf.delay or 0, min(RATE_LIMIT_MAX_DELAY, (conf.delay or 0) + RATE_LIMIT_DELAY_STEP))
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singleTimeWarnMessage("target appears to be rate-limiting requests; sqlmap is backing off and throttling accordingly (consider raising '--delay' or lowering '--threads')")
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logger.debug("rate-limited (HTTP %d)%s; sleeping %.1f second(s), inter-request delay now %.1f second(s)" % (code, " honoring 'Retry-After'" if retryAfter is not None else "", backoff, conf.delay))
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time.sleep(backoff)
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return Connect._retryProxy(**kwargs)
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@staticmethod
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def _connReadProxy(conn):
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parts = []
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@ -844,7 +893,13 @@ class Connect(object):
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raise SystemExit
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if ex.code not in (conf.ignoreCode or []):
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if ex.code == _http_client.UNAUTHORIZED:
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if ex.code == TOO_MANY_REQUESTS_HTTP_CODE or (ex.code == _http_client.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE and Connect._parseRetryAfter(responseHeaders) is not None):
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retried = Connect._rateLimitRetry(responseHeaders, ex.code, **kwargs)
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if retried is not None:
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return retried
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debugMsg = "target kept rate-limiting after %d retries (%d)" % (conf.retries, code)
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logger.debug(debugMsg)
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elif ex.code == _http_client.UNAUTHORIZED:
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errMsg = "not authorized, try to provide right HTTP "
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errMsg += "authentication type and valid credentials (%d). " % code
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errMsg += "If this is intended, try to rerun by providing "
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@ -161,8 +161,10 @@ class TestBrute(DbmsStateMixin, unittest.TestCase):
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def _cbe(expression, expectingNone=True):
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calls["n"] += 1
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# initial sanity probe uses two random strings (no real column name)
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if "id" not in expression and "name" not in expression:
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# initial sanity probe queries a random table, not the real 'users' one - so keying on the
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# table name is collision-proof (unlike a column-name substring, which a random probe value
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# can incidentally contain, e.g. 'id')
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if "users" not in expression:
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return False
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# MySQL numeric-type follow-up: `not checkBooleanExpression(... REGEXP '[^0-9]')`.
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# 'id' is numeric (no non-digit chars => probe False => numeric);
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